Cover of CIGB ICOLD (EDT): Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Mechanique des Fluides Environnementaux

CIGB ICOLD (EDT) Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Mechanique des Fluides Environnementaux

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CRC Press

2022

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169

978-1-351-03361-9

1-351-03361-1

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Dams are planned, constructed, and operated to meet human needs - generation of energy, irrigated agricultural production, flood control, public and industrial supply, supply of drinking water, and various other purposes. Dams impound water in reservoirs during times of high flood that can be used for human requirements during times with inadequate natural flows. Positive impacts of dams are improved flood control, improved welfare resulting from new access to irrigation and drinking water. Without dams there would be insufficient food to feed the world's people and energy would be generated by burning fossil fuels that produce greenhouse gases. Despite this progress there remain significant concerns about the environmental impacts of dams. These environmental impacts are complex and far reaching, remote of the dam, and may occur in time with the dam construction or later and may lead to a loss of biodiversity and of productivity of natural resources.This bulletin compiles improvements in knowledge and state of the art technology to avoid or mitigate environmental impacts of dams on the natural ecosystem as well as to the people that depend upon them for their livelihood and also addresses the mitigation of environmental impacts on dams and reservoirs.Les barrages sont planifis, construits et exploits de manire rpondre aux besoins humains. Les barrages retiennent l'eau dans les rservoirs pendant les priodes de forte crue, une eau qui peut tre utilise pour les besoins de l'homme pendant les priodes d'insuffisance des dbits naturels. Les impacts positifs de barrages sont le contrle des crues et l'amlioration du bien-tre rsultant du nouvel accs l'irrigation et l'eau potable. Sans barrages, la production alimentaire serait insuffisante pour nourrir la population du globe et l'nergie serait gnre en brlant des combustibles fossiles qui produisent des gaz effet de serre. Malgr ces progrs, d'importantes proccupations subsistent quant aux retombes des barrages sur l'environnement. Les impacts environnementaux sont complexes et d'une grande porte. Ils peuvent se produire au moment de la construction du barrage ou plus tard et peuvent entraner une perte de la biodiversit et de la productivit des ressources naturelles.Le prsent bulletin compile l'amlioration des connaissances et des technologies les plus rcentes pour viter ou attnuer les impacts environnementaux des barrages sur l'cosystme naturel ainsi que pour les personnes qui en dpendent pour leur subsistance. Il aborde galement l'attnuation des impacts environnementaux sur les barrages et les rservoirs.

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